The Royal Ontario Museum, or ROM, is located at 100 Queen’s Park (at Bloor St W on the southwest corner) in the University of Toronto – St George Campus area.
The Founding of the Royal Ontario Museum
Early in the 20th century, a group of influential Torontonians recognized the need for a museum of high stature in the city. While they campaigned for funding, Professor Charles Trick Currelly, a U of T graduate, Methodist minister, archaeologist and the museum’s future Director of Archaeology, began collecting objects for the upcoming institution.
While on a site in Egypt in 1907, Prof. Currelly took a cast of a temple wall for display at the new museum; however, he did not have the funds to colour it. He was visited there by Sir Edmund Osler and others from Toronto. They donated funds for that project and became lifelong benefactors of the museum.
In 1910, the Government of Ontario and the University of Toronto partnered and equally funded the new institution – the Royal Ontario Museum. The new museum was to be located on 2.5 acres of University property near the southwest corner of Bloor St W and Queen’s Park.
The First Building
Respected Toronto architects Darling & Pearson were tasked to design the new building. While the new museum was being constructed, Prof. Currelly received and stored relics and specimens for the upcoming display of treasures.
What we know today as the ROM’s West Wing was completed in 1914 at the cost of $400,000. The three-storey Romanesque Revival-style structure is clad in stone and buff brick, with terracotta trim. The museum’s main entrance was a round-arched door facing Bloor St W. Three full-height bay windows can be seen from Philosopher’s Walk, a park that runs alongside the original building.
The Duke of Connaught, Governor-General of Canada, opened the landmark. It was a grand affair. Five museums were within the heritage building, including the Museums of Archaeology, Geology, Mineralogy, Palaeontology, and Zoology. ROM began with 60,000 objects and artifacts from around the globe, such as Medieval European luxuries, armour, crystals, pottery, tapestries, fossils, and jewelry.
The museum’s first Director of Palaeontology, Dr. William Arthur Parks, organized expeditions to the Canadian and American West starting in 1918. Dr. Parks and his team collected fossilized remains for nearly two decades that provided much of ROM’s extensive and world-renowned dinosaur exhibit.
The East Wing and Centre Block
Each department kept collecting new treasures with great zeal. As space in the galleries quickly became filled, items started being stored in the basement. So in 1931, the architectural firm Chapman & Oxley was commissioned to design the East Wing (which faces Queen’s Park) and the Centre Block (which connects the two wings).
Constructed during the Great Depression, the excavation was done by hand, using picks, shovels, and horse-drawn wagons. In an effort to use locally sourced materials, Ontario marble was utilized in various areas of the addition, including in the floor, steps, pillars, and decorative panels of the Rotunda. Noted Dutch-Canadian sculptor William Oosterhoff created the stone carvings.
In 1933, the Royal Ontario Museum’s new space opened. Newspapers heralded the H-shaped building as a “masterpiece of architecture.” Visitors to the museum would find many articles humans produced throughout the centuries, such as garments, musical instruments, implements, armour and weapons. In 1933, over 285,000 people passed through the museum’s turnstiles.
In 1955, the five museums merged into a single body, and in 1968, the museum separated from the University of Toronto, becoming an entity under the Ontario government. Attendance reached 462,700 during that decade.
McLaughlin Planetarium
In 1967, the University of Toronto transferred the property at 90 Queen’s Park (directly south of the museum proper) to the ROM at no cost. In 1968, with excitement over space travel at its peak, the museum opened the McLaughlin Planetarium on the site. Visitors to the attraction could see the heavens reproduced inside a 75-ft-diameter, 84-ft-high dome in the Star Theatre. The $2 million project was a gift from Colonel RS McLaughlin, a Canadian automobile manufacturer and philanthropist. After 27 years, the planetarium went dark due to low attendance and budget cuts. In 2009, the University of Toronto re-acquired the planetarium site for $22 million. In the spring and summer of 2026, the McLaughlin Planetarium was demolished to make way for U of T’s Centre for Civilizations, Cultures and Cities facility.
Curatorial Centre & Terrace Galleries Addition
In 1973, the Royal Ontario Museum was one of the buildings on Heritage Toronto’s initial induction list. The Royal Ontario Museum began a $55 million revitalization project five years later. A library, a 9-storey curatorial centre (south courtyard) and a six-level terrace gallery (north courtyard) were constructed. The museum’s current galleries were also renovated. In 1984, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip were in Ontario to celebrate the province’s Bicentennial. While visiting ROM, the Queen unveiled a plaque, officially opening the Queen Elizabeth II Terrace Galleries in a special ceremony.
Renaissance ROM & the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal
Thirty years after opening, the Terrace Galleries were demolished to make way for the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal, part of the Renaissance ROM project. Completed in 2007, the ROM celebrated the opening of the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal. The self-supporting prismatic structures comprise five interlocking steel frames clad in glass and brushed aluminum strips. Daniel Libeskind designed the stunning Crystal, and its seven galleries overlook Bloor St W. The historic 1914 and 1933 facades are revealed in the interior. Mr Lee-Chin’s lead donation of $30 million launched the $270 million renewal plan.
2017 Revitalization
The museum’s heritage Weston Entrance, accessed from Queen’s Park, reopened in 2017 after undergoing a revitalization. Hariri and Pontarini Architects redesigned and reconstructed the space to complement the contemporary style of the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal. The entrance features clear views of the spectacular Rotunda through the Samuel Hall-Currelly Gallery.
OpenROM
In 2024, the museum began a revitalization project called OpenROM. This initiative includes a newly designed entrance on Bloor St W, a bright and spacious foyer, and a water feature that will encircle the heritage façade. Additionally, a new four-story sunlit atrium called The Hennick Commons will be added, along with a multi-level lily pad staircase next to the forum, and 6,000 square feet of new gallery space on the second and third levels. The OpenROM project is scheduled for completion in 2027.
The Royal Ontario Museum Today
Internationally recognized, the Department of Natural History holds one of the country’s most extensive natural history collections. Having over 10 million specimens, the department displays and researches the vertebrate fossils of dinosaurs, mammals, birds, fishes, insects and arachnids, reptiles and amphibians, invertebrates, fungi, plants, minerals and gems, rocks and ores, and meteorites.
The Department of Art & Culture has almost one million pieces from around the world, dating back to prehistoric times and up to the present day. The collection includes artwork from the Indigenous Americas, Canada, Egypt and Nubia, Africa, the Islamic World, Greece and Rome, Asia, and Europe.
For over a century, the Royal Ontario Museum has been an educational and historical showcase for nature, culture, and the arts. Canada’s largest museum, ROM, attracts over 1.3 million visitors from around the world each year. Today, over 13 million objects are displayed throughout the museum’s 40 galleries and exhibition spaces. The museum also features lectures, films, concerts, and performances. Plus, over 60,000 objects can be viewed in ROM’s online collection.
Charles Trick Currelly
While Prof Currelly devoted his life to creating ROM, he previously collected for prominent people in Toronto, Canada and Britain. This included Sir Edmund Walker, a philanthropist and one of the influential people who wanted to establish a prestigious museum in Toronto.
Prof Currelly was the ROM’s Director of Archaeology from 1914 until his retirement in 1946. Before his passing in 1957, he wrote about his travels and adventures in an autobiography titled I Brought the Ages Home. The Samuel Hall – Currelly Gallery at the Royal Ontario Museum was named in his honour.
Haunted Tales
The Royal Ontario Museum is thought to be haunted by the spirit of Prof Charles Currelly. He was deeply dedicated to his work at the museum, staying into the wee hours of the morning with a radio playing music in the background. Mr Currelly would even stay overnight, changing into a nightshirt and sleeping on a cot in his office.
After his death, staff began thinking he had returned to the museum. Nightguards have reported seeing an apparition of a man wearing a nightshirt and cap drifting about the East Asia exhibit. Those who have seen the spirit say it looks like the pictures of Mr Currelly.
Staff working late have sometimes heard vintage music playing in the distance, but when they went to check where it was coming from, they found only empty halls and no music. However, when they returned to their work, the music would begin playing again. Click for more haunted tales.
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Royal Ontario Museum Photos
William Arthur Parks 1868 – 1936
“The first Director of the Royal Ontario Museum of Palaeontology, Parks was born in Hamilton and educated at the University of Toronto, from which he received a Doctorate in 1900. Initially known as an expert on “stromatoporoids”, a unique group of invertebrate fossils, he later turned his attention to the study of vertebrate palaeontology. The expeditions Parks organized to the Canadian and American West between 1918 and 1935 provided most of the material for the Museum’s extensive world-recognized dinosaur collection. As Professor and, from 1922-35, Head of the Geology Department at the University of Toronto he taught geology and palaeontology and produced many publications, notable among them being his authoritative five-volume guide, “The Building and Ornamental Stones of Canada”.”
Erected by the Ontario Heritage Foundation, Ministry of Culture and Recreation
The plaque is located in front of the Royal Ontario Museum at 100 Queen’s Park Cres
SOURCE
- City of Toronto Heritage Register: 100 Queen’s Park
- Ontario Heritage Trust: 100 Queen’s Park
- Ontario Heritage Trust: Royal Ontario Museum plaque
- Haunted Toronto by John Robert Colombo (1996), Mysteries of the Museum
- The Globe Newspaper Archives: Dec 7, 1910, pg 9
- The Globe Newspaper Archives: Aug 15, 1911, pg 3
- The Globe Newspaper Archives: Mar 21, 1914, pg A2
- The Toronto Daily Star Newspaper Archives: Dec 24, 1932
- The Globe Newspaper Archives: Oct 13, 1933, pg 4
- The Globe Newspaper Archives: Jan 5, 1934, pg 11
- The Globe and Mail Newspaper Archives: Jan 5, 1965, pg 5
- Toronto Star Newspaper Archives: Apr 27, 1980, pg C12
- The Globe and Mail Newspaper Archives: Jan 27, 2007, pg A10A
- Haunted Walk: Campus Secrets and Spectres – University of Toronto Ghost Tour
- ROM: About & OpenROM
- Toronto Ghosts: The Royal Ontario Museum
- Photos: Denise Marie for TorontoJourney416
- Vintage Photos: City of Toronto Archives, Toronto Public Library, Archives of Ontario & University of Toronto Archives
